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Preventive analgesia and novel strategies for the prevention of chronic post-surgical pain

机译:预防性镇痛和预防慢性术后疼痛的新策略

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摘要

Chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP) is a serious complication of major surgery that can impair a patient’s quality of life. The development of CPSP is a complex process which involves biologic, psychosocial, and environmental mechanisms that have yet to be fully understood. Currently perioperative pharmacologic interventions aim to suppress and prevent sensitization with the aim of reducing pain and analgesic requirement in acute as well as long-term pain . Despite the detrimental effects of CPSP on patients, the body of literature focused on treatment strategies to reduce CPSP remains limited and continues to be understudied. This article reviews the main pharmacologic candidates for the treatment of CPSP, discusses the future of preventive analgesia, and considers novel strategies to help treat acute postoperative pain and lessen the risk that it becomes chronic. In addition, this article highlights important areas of focus for clinical practice including: multimodal management of CPSP patients, psychological modifiers of the pain experience, and the development of a Transitional Pain Service specifically designed to manage patients at high risk of developing chronic post-surgical pain.
机译:慢性手术后疼痛(CPSP)是大手术的严重并发症,可能会损害患者的生活质量。 CPSP的开发是一个复杂的过程,涉及尚未充分了解的生物学,社会心理和环境机制。当前围手术期的药物干预旨在抑制和预防致敏,目的在于减少急性和长期疼痛中的疼痛和止痛需求。尽管CPSP对患者有不利影响,但致力于减少CPSP的治疗策略的文献仍然很少,并且仍在研究中。本文回顾了治疗CPSP的主要药理候选人,讨论了预防性镇痛的未来,并考虑了有助于治疗急性术后疼痛并降低其成为慢性的风险的新策略。此外,本文重点介绍了临床实践中的重要重点领域,包括:CPSP患者的多模式管理,疼痛经历的心理调节器以及专门为管理高风险患者而制定的过渡性疼痛服务的开发,该患者有可能接受慢性外科手术治疗痛。

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